Pula - Wikipedia. Pula. Pula(Croatian)Pola(Italian). Like the rest of the region, it is known for its mild climate, smooth sea, and unspoiled nature. The city has a long tradition of winemaking, fishing, shipbuilding, and tourism. It has also been Istria's administrative centre since ancient Roman times. History. In the Bronze Age (1. The Colchians, who had chased Jason into the northern Adriatic, were unable to catch him and ended up settling in a place they called Polai, signifying .
The town was elevated to colonial rank between 4. It became a significant Roman port with a large surrounding area under its jurisdiction. During the civil war of 4. BC of the triumvirate of Octavian, Mark Antony and Lepidus against Caesar's assassins Brutus and Cassius, the town took the side of Cassius, since the town had been founded by Cassius Longinus, brother of Cassius. After Octavian's victory, the town was demolished. Info on money in Croatia including details on the country's currency, the Kuna, and how to obtain it, and what's the deal with Euros in Croatia. Ako su vam potrebna invalidska kolica za vrijeme putovanja, molimo da nas obavijestite o va Nalazi se na sredini Jadrana, centru Dalmacije. Njegova geografska lokacija garantira brzi. It was soon rebuilt at the request of Octavian's daughter Iulia and was then called Colonia Pietas Iulia Pola Pollentia Herculanea. The colony was part of Venetia et Histria, a region of Roman Italy. Great classical constructions were built of which a few remain. A great amphitheatre, Pula Arena, was constructed between 2. BC . The Romans also supplied the city with a water supply and sewage systems. Putnici Croatia HolidaysThey fortified the city with a wall with ten gates. A few of these gates still remain: the triumphal Arch of the Sergii, the Gate of Hercules (in which the names of the founders of the city are engraved) and the Twin Gates. During the reign of emperor Septimius Severus the name of the town was changed into . The town was the site of Crispus Caesar's execution in 3. Putnici Croatia Real EstateAD and Gallus Caesar's execution in 3. AD. In 4. 25 AD the town became the centre of a bishopric, attested by the remains of foundations of a few religious buildings. Mary Formosa. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the city and region were attacked by the Ostrogoths, Pola being virtually destroyed by Odoacer, a Germanic foederati general in 4. AD. During this period Pola prospered and became the major port of the Byzantine fleet and integral part of the Byzantine Empire. Pola became the seat of the elective counts of Istria until 1. The town was taken in 1. Venetians and in 1. Pola swore allegiance to the Republic of Venice, thus becoming a Venetian possession. For centuries thereafter, the city's fate and fortunes were tied to those of Venetian power. It was conquered by the Pisans in 1. Venetians. As Pola had sided with the Pisans, the city was sacked by the Venetians in 1. It was destroyed again in 1. Genoese defeated the Venetians in a naval battle. Pola then slowly went into decline. This decay was accelerated by the infighting of local families: the ancient Roman Sergi family and the Ionotasi (1. In 1. 29. 1, by the Peace of Treviso, Patriarch Raimondo della Torre gained the city as part of the secular realm of the Patriarchate of Aquileia, only to lose it to Venice in 1. Pola is quoted by the Italian poet Dante Alighieri, who had visited Pola, in the Divine Comedy: . During the 1. 4th, 1. Pula was attacked and occupied by the Genoese, the Hungarian army and the Habsburgs; several outlying medieval settlements and towns were destroyed. In addition to war, the plague, malaria and typhoid ravaged the city. By the 1. 75. 0s there were only 3,0. It was invaded again in 1. French had defeated the Austrians. It was included in the French Empire of Napoleon as part of the Kingdom of Italy, then placed directly under the French Empire's Illyrian Provinces. Austrian Littoral province and union with Italy. Under the compromise of 1. Its large natural harbour became Austria's main naval base and a major shipbuilding centre. The famous island of Brioni (in Croatian renamed Brijuni) to the south of Pola became the summer vacation resort of Austria's Habsburgroyal family. In World War I, the port was the main base for Austro- Hungarian dreadnoughts and other naval forces of the Empire. The 1. 91. 0 Austrian census recorded a city population of 5. Italian speaking; 1. Croatian, the rest were mostly German speaking military). Pola became the capital of the Province of Pola. The decline in population after World War I was mainly due to economic difficulties caused by the withdrawal of Austro- Hungarian military and bureaucratic facilities and the dismissal of workers from the shipyard. Many left the city and went back to the newly created Jugoslavija, where their homes were. After the collapse of Fascist Italy in 1. German Wehrmacht and remained a base for U- boats. Consequently, the city was subjected to repeated Allied bombing from 1. In the last phase of the war, Pola saw the arrest, deportation and execution of people suspected of aiding the partisans who together with the Jugoslav communists killed many soldiers and civilians. Post- World War II and modern era. Pola formed an enclave within south Istria that was occupied by Jugoslavia since 1. Churchill. The AMG was occupied by a company of the United States 3. Infantry and a British battalion of the 2. Guards Brigade. Istria was partitioned into occupation zones until the region became officially united with the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFR Yugoslavia) on 1. September 1. 94. 7, under terms of the Paris Peace Treaties. The city became part of the SFR Yugoslavia, upon the ratification of the Paris Peace Treaties on 1. September 1. 94. 7 . Initially Pola's population of 4. Italians. However, between December 1. September 1. 94. 7, most of the Italian residents fled to Italy during the Istrian exodus. Subsequently, the city's Croatian name, Pula, became the official name. Today the city of Pola or Pula is officially bilingual, hence both Pula or Pola are official names. Since the collapse of Yugoslavia in 1. Pula- Pola has been part of the newly created Republic of Croatia. Geography and climate. Jerolim and Kozada, city areas . Summers are usually warm during the day and cooler near the evening, although some strange heat wave patterns are also common. Normally, there is a lot of moisture in the air. Temperatures above 1. There are two different kinds of winds here . Its population density is 1,0. Pula . The majority of its citizens are Croats representing 7. The largest ethnic minorities are: 3,4. Serbs (6. 0. 1 per cent), 2,5. Italians (4. 4. 3 per cent), 2,0. Bosniaks (3. 5 per cent), 5. Slovenians (0. 9. This is one of the best preserved amphitheatres from antiquity and is still in use today during summer film festivals. During the World War II Italian fascist administration, there were attempts to dismantle the arena and move it to mainland Italy, which were quickly abandoned due to the costs involved. Two other notable and well- preserved ancient Roman structures are the 1st- century AD triumphal arch, the Arch of the Sergii and the co- eval temple of Rome and Augustus, built in the 1st century AD built on the forum during the reign of the Roman emperor Augustus. The Twin Gates (Porta Gemina) is one of the few remaining gates after the city walls were pulled down at the beginning of the 1. It dates from the mid- 2nd century, replacing an earlier gate. It consists of two arches, columns, a plain architrave and a decorated frieze. Close by are a few remains of the old city wall. The Gate of Hercules dates from the 1st century. At the top of the single arch one can see the bearded head of Hercules, carved in high- relief, and his club on the adjoining voussoir. A damaged inscription, close to the club, contains the names of Lucius Calpurnius Piso and Gaius Cassius Longinus who were entrusted by the Roman senate to found a colony at the site of Pula. Thus it can be deduced that Pula was founded between 4. BC. The Augustan Forum was constructed in the 1st century BC, close to the sea. In Roman times it was surrounded by temples of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva. This Roman commercial and administrative centre of the city remained the main square of classical and medieval Pula . It still is the main administrative and legislative centre of the city. The temple of Roma and Augustus is still preserved today. A part of the back wall of the temple of Juno was integrated into the Communal Palace in the 1. Two Roman theatres have withstood the ravages of time: the smaller one (diameter c. AD) near the centre, the larger one (diameter c. AD) on the southern edge of the city. The city's old quarter of narrow streets, lined with Medieval and Renaissance buildings, are still surfaced with ancient Roman paving stones. The Byzantine chapel of St. Mary Formosa was built in the 6th century (before 5. Greek cross, resembling the churches in Ravenna. It was built by deacon Maximilian, who became later Archbishop of Ravenna. It was, together with another chapel, part of a Benedictine abbey that was demolished in the 1. The floors and the walls are decorated with 6th- century mosaics. The decoration bears some resemblance to the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia at Ravenna. The wall over the door contains a Byzantine carved stone panel. The 1. 5th- century wall paintings may be restorations of Early Christian paintings. When the Venetians raided Pula in 1. Venice, including the four columns of oriental alabaster that stand behind the high altar of St Mark's Basilica. The Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary was built in the 6th century, when Pula . It was enlarged in the 1. After its destruction by Genoese and Venetian raids, it was almost completely rebuilt in the 1. It got its present form when a late Renaissance fa. The church still retains several Romanesque and Byzantine characters, such as some parts of the walls (dating from the 4th century), a few of the original column capitals and the upper windows of the nave. In the altar area and in the room to the south one can still see fragments of 5th- or 6th- century floor mosaics with memorial inscriptions from worshippers who paid for the mosaics. The windows of the aisles underwent reconstruction in Gothic style after a fire in 1.
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